Aeronautical Knowledge (61.97)

Must receive and log ground training on the following:

1. Applicable Federal Aviation Regulations.
2. Accident reporting requirements of the NTSB.
3. Use of applicable portions of the AIM and FAA Advisory Circulars.
4. Use of charts for VFR navigation with the aid of a magnetic compass.
5. Recognition of critical weather situations.
6. Safe and efficient operation of aircraft to include:
1. Collision avoidance and wake turbulence.
7. Effects of density altitude on aircraft performance.
8. Weight and balance computations.
9. Principles of aerodynamics, powerplants, and aircraft systems.
10. Stall/spin awareness and recovery techniques.
11. Aeronautical decision making and judgement.
12. Preflight actions that include:
1. Runway lengths, takeoff and landing distances, weather reports and forecasts, and fuel requirements.
2. How to plan for alternatives.

Flight Proficiency (61.98)

Must receive and log ground + flight training on the following:

1. Preflight procedures.
2. Airport operations.
3. Takeoffs, landings, and go-arounds.
4. Performance maneuvers.
5. Ground reference maneuvers.
6. Navigation.
7. Slow flight and stalls.
8. Emergency procedures.
9. Post-flight procedures.

Privileges (61.101)

• Carry no more than 1 passenger.

Limitations (61.101)

• Cannot pay less than the pro-rata share of the flight.
• Additional requirements needed to act as PIC on a flight within 50NM from the point of departure.
• Additional requirements needed to act as PIC on a flight greater than 50NM from the point of departure.
• Additional requirements to act as PIC in Class B, Class C, and Class D airspace.
• Cannot be PIC of an aircraft that is certificated:
• For more than 4 occupants.
• With more than one powerplant.
• With a powerplant of more than 180 horsepower.
• With retractable landing gear.
• Cannot fly for compensation or hire.
• Cannot fly between sunset and sunrise.
• Cannot fly above 10,000’ MSL.
• Cannot fly without visual reference to the surface or when the surface visibility is less than 3SM.

Aeronautical Knowledge (61.105)

Must receive and log ground training on the following:

• Applicable Federal Aviation Regulations.
• Accident reporting requirements of the NTSB.
• Use of applicable portions of the AIM and FAA Advisory Circulars.
• Use of charts for VFR navigation using pilotage, dead reckoning, and navigation systems.
• Radio communication procedures.
• Recognition of critical weather situations.
• Safe and efficient operation of aircraft to include: collision avoidance and wake turbulence.
• Effects of density altitude on aircraft performance.
• Weight and balance computations.
• Principles of aerodynamics, powerplants, and aircraft systems.
• Stall/spin awareness and recovery techniques.
• Aeronautical decision making and judgement.
• Preflight actions: runway lengths, takeoff and landing distances, weather reports and forecasts, fuel requirements, and alternatives.

Flight Proficiency (61.107)

Must receive and log ground + flight training on the following:

• Preflight preparation.
• Preflight procedures.
• Airport operations.
• Takeoffs, landings, and go-arounds.
• Performance maneuvers.
• Ground reference maneuvers.
• Navigation.
• Slow flight and stalls.
• Basic instrument maneuvers.
• Emergency procedures.
• Night operations.
• Post-flight procedures.

Privileges (61.113)

• Can be PIC for a charitable, non-profit, or community even flight.
• Can be reimbursed for search and rescue operations.

Limitations (61.113)

• No flying for compensation or hire.
• May not pay less than their “pro-rata share.”
• Can’t fly in weather conditions less than VMC.

Aeronautical Knowledge (61.125)

Must receive and log ground training on the following:

• Applicable Federal Aviation Regulations.
• Accident reporting requirements of the NTSB.
• Basic aerodynamics and the principles of flight.
• Meteorology and critical weather situations.
• Safe and efficient aircraft operation.
• Weight and balance computations.
• Use of performance charts.
• Effects of exceeding aircraft performance limitations.
• Use of aeronautical charts and a magnetic compass for pilotage and dead reckoning.
• Use of air navigation facilities.
• Aeronautical decision making and judgement.
• Principles and functions of aircraft systems.
• Maneuvers, procedures, and emergency operations.
• Night and high altitude operations.
• Procedures for operating in the National Airspace System.

Flight Proficiency (61.127)

Must receive and log ground + flight training on the following:

• Preflight preparation.
• Preflight procedures.
• Airport operations.
• Takeoffs, landings, and go-arounds.
• Performance maneuvers.
• Ground reference maneuvers.
• Navigation.
• Slow flight and stalls.
• Emergency procedures.
• High altitude operations.
• Post-flight procedures.

Privileges (61.133)

• May act as PIC of an aircraft:
• Carrying persons or property for compensation or hire, provided the person is qualified in accordance with this part.
• For compensation or hire, provided the person is qualified in accordance with this part.

Limitations (61.133)

• A person who applies for a commercial pilot certificate with an airplane category or powered-lift category rating and does not hold an instrument rating in the same category and class will be issued a commercial pilot certificate that contains the limitation, “The carriage of passengers for hire in (airplanes) on cross country flights in excess or 50 nautical miles or at night is prohibited.”