Reference:
Attention:
Motivation:
Objective: To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the teaching process by describing:
Learning Objective (Index)
- Learning Objective (Index)
- What is Teaching
- Essential Teaching Skills
- PAMS
- Preparation of a Lesson.
- Objective
- Performance Based Objective
- Decision Based Objective
- Standards
- Course of Training
- Curriculum
- Course
- Syllabus
- Lesson Plans
- Training Course Outline (TCO)
- Organization of Material.
- Lesson Introduction
- Attention
- Motivation
- Overview - Index
- Lesson Development
- Lesson Conclusion
- Training delivery methods:
- Lecture method.
- Pros
- Cons
- Guided discussion method.
- Pros
- Cons
- Computer-assisted learning method.
- Pros
- Cons
- Demonstration-performance method.
- Pros
- Cons
- Drill and practice method.
- Pros
- Cons
- Problem Based Learning.
- What makes a good scenario?
- Instruction Aids and Training Technologies.
- Examples of instructional aids
- Before Task
- Next Task
What is Teaching
Instruct or Train someone
Essential Teaching Skills
PAMS
People Skills
- Effective relation with other people
- Effective communication
Assessment Skills
- How a CFI know if his or her student know the information he or she was teaching?
- Knowledge test
- Oral quizzes
- Performance test
Management Skills
- Being able to
- Plan
- Organize
- Lead
- Supervise
- Manage
- Your self
- Your time
- Yours student time
- Records keeping
Subject Matter Expertise (SME)
A person who possesses a high level of expertise, knowledge or skill in a particular area
- Effective instructors have a sincere interest in learning and professional growth
Preparation of a Lesson.
Objective
Performance Based Objective
These types of objectives define exactly what needs to be done and how it is done during each lesson
- Declare the level of performance a student needs to demonstrate before he or she progresses to the next stage of instruction
- What is the outcome of the instruction going to be? The description of the Skill, Knowledge, Behavior.
Performance of a steep turns
Conditions
- The rules under this knowledge, skill or behavior is demonstrated
How is my student going to demonstrate they know a maneuver, do a W&B
Criteria
- Standards that actually measure the objective
How im i going to know my student learn? Because my student can demonstrate the maneuver, the W&B
Decision Based Objective
These types of objectives rely on a more dynamic training environment and are ideally suited to scenario-based training
- Develops pilot judgment and ADM skills
- Facilitates a higher level of learning and application
Some scenarios on decision based objective are problem solving in cross-country operations, emergency procedures, etc
You can teach this lesson to many students and always is going to be different
Standards
- Airman Certification Standards (ACS) Documents holds an important position in aviation training curricula because they supply the instructor with specific performance objective based on the standards for the issuance (FAA)
Course of Training
Curriculum
- Combine different types of course that takes you from zero to hero
PVT, IRA, CAX, CFI, CFII, MEI, ATP
Course
- A specific training or certificate
Private Pilot Certificate
Syllabus
- Tell the instructor how technical subject areas and areas of operations are divided in lessons
What am i going to talk in the lesson 1, lesson 2 or lesson 3?
How many lessons have this course?
Lesson Plans
- What are you going to teach in that lesson
- Objective
- Elements
- Topics you are going to talk about (Index)
- Equipment
- What you are going to use to present the lesson
- CFI Actions
- Detail
- Student Actions
- Detail
- Conclusion
- After completion of the lesson, what should the student know
Instructor shall demonstrate the use of the E6B by presenting the tool, explain how it works and making some examples
Student shall participate in the calculation in the E6B in the examples that instructor is giving to them
- If you have a good lesson plan will help you to present the relevant information.
Training Course Outline (TCO)
- Describe with a lot of detail all the training
- Statement of objective
- What is this course saying
- What are we trying to do with this course
- Any teaching aids descriptions
- Definition of any assessment criteria
- How am i going to assess students
- Satisfactory - unsatisfactory - incomplete
- Grade from 1 to 5
- Grade from A to F
- Any indication of desired outcome
- Completion standards
Organization of Material.
Lesson Introduction
The introduction set the stage for everything to come
Attention
- The purpose of this element is to focus your student attention to the lesson material
- Story
- Joke
- Video
- Image
- Experiment
Motivation
- Students needs to feel motivated to learn, needs to know why is important to learn that? And if that will be useful in real life scenarios
Overview - Index
- Every lesson should contain an overview that tells the group or students what will be covered
Lesson Development
- The instructor develop the subject matter in a manner that helps students achieve the desired outcome
- Past to Present
- Simple to Complex
- Known to Unknown
- Most to Least Used
Lesson Conclusion
- An effective conclusion remember the important elements of the lesson and relates them to the objectives.
- New ideas should not be introduced in the conclusion as this can confuse students
Training delivery methods:
- There are multiple ways to deliver lessons, each with their pros and cons
Lecture method.
The instructor delivers knowledge via lectures to learners who are mostly silent participants
Pros
- ✅ Good for introducing new topics
- ✅ Good for teaching large class sizes
- ✅ Can be easily combined with other training delivery methods
Cons
- ❌ Not good for attention detail
- ❌ Not good for individualized teaching
- ❌ Not good for finding out how much students understand
Guided discussion method.
When students have a background in the topic being thought, instructors can lead students through a discussion by asking a series of questions
Pros
- ✅ Good student participation
- ✅ Good individualized teaching
- ✅ Good for known how much a student understands
- ✅ Good for scenario-based training
Cons
- ❌ Not good for introducing new ideas
- ❌ Student must have some background knowledge of the subject matter prior to the lesson
Computer-assisted learning method.
This is when students are able to study multimedia (videos, pictures, diagrams, audiobooks, podcasts, etc) on a personal computer or via the internet
Pros
- ✅ Good for mobility and versatility
- ✅ Good for introducing new topics and elements
- ✅ Students can study at their own place
- ✅ Students can review elements and topics
Cons
- ❌ Not good for knowing what a student understands or seeing their progression
- ❌ Can be difficult to individualize the lesson to a particular student
Demonstration-performance method.
This is when an instructor demonstrates a mental or physical skill and then the student attempts to reproduce that same skill in an effective manner
Pros
- ✅ Good for demonstration
- ✅ Good for introducing skills in flying maneuver
- ✅ Good for monitoring students performance
- ✅ Good for individualized teaching
Cons
- ❌ Not good for mobility and versatility
- ❌ Not good for teaching multiple students or large class size
Drill and practice method.
This is when an instructor has a student practice the same skill or skill set in a repeated manner, Practice makes perfect!
Pros
- ✅ Good for demonstration
- ✅ Good for introducing skills in flying maneuvers
- ✅ Good for monitoring student performance
- ✅ Good for individualized teaching
Cons
- ❌ Not good for mobility and versatility
- ❌ Not good for teaching multiple students or larger class sizes
Problem Based Learning.
Problem based training is training that looks like real world experiences and scenarios in a various types of environments and settings
What makes a good scenario?
- Has a clear set of objectives
- Is adapted to the needs of the student
- Capitalizes on the characteristics of the local environment
Instruction Aids and Training Technologies.
Can be extremely helpful in teaching students. They help students to visualize and create a deeper understanding of the topic
Examples of instructional aids
- Whiteboard and markers
- Supplemental printed material
- Toy airplanes and propellers
- Flight simulators
- Videos, diagrams and other multimedia