🛫

Normal and Crosswind Approach and Landings

Reference: FAA-H-8083-3B Page 8-2

⚠️

Attention:

💪🏽

Motivation:

✅

Objective:

Learning Objective (Index)

A normal approach and landing requires the use of procedures for a normal situation; that is:

when engine power is available
The wind is light
The final approach is made directly into the wind
The final approach path has no obstacles
The landing surface is firm and long enough to gradually bring the airplane to a stop.

Takeoff is optional, landing is not!

Inadequate wind drift correction on the base leg.
Overshooting or undershooting the turn onto final approach resulting in too steep or too shallow a turn onto final approach.
Flat or skidding turns from base leg to final approach as a result of overshooting/inadequate wind drift correction.
Poor coordination during turn from base to final approach.
Failure to complete the landing checklist in a timely manner.
Unstable approach.
Failure to adequately compensate for flap extension.
Poor trim technique on final approach.
Attempting to maintain altitude or reach the runway using elevator alone.
Focusing too close to the airplane resulting in a too high flare.
Focusing too far from the airplane resulting in a too low flare.
Touching down prior to attaining proper landing attitude.
Failure to hold sufficient back-elevator pressure after touchdown.
Excessive braking after touchdown.
Loss of aircraft control during touchdown and roll out.

Complete the appropriate checklist.
Make radio calls as appropriate.
Ensure the aircraft is aligned with the correct/assigned runway.
Scan the landing runway and adjoining area for traffic and obstructions.
Consider the wind conditions, landing surface, obstructions, and select a suitable touchdown point.
Establish the recommended approach and landing configuration and airspeed, and adjust pitch attitude and power as required to maintain a stabilized approach.
Maintain manufacturer’s recommended approach airspeed, or in its absence, not more than 1.3 VSO, +10/-5 knots, or as recommended for the aircraft type and gust velocity.
Touch down at speed recommended by manufacturer, within 200 feet beyond a specified point on the runway.
Maintain crosswind correction and directional control throughout the approach and landing.
Make smooth, timely, and correct control inputs during round out and touchdown.
Touch down at speed recommended by manufacturer.
Execute a timely go-around if the approach cannot be made within the tolerances specified above or for any other condition that may result in an unsafe approach or landing.
Utilize runway incursion avoidance procedures.

Same as the Private +
Maintain manufacturer’s recommended approach airspeed, or in its absence, not more than 1.3 VSO, +/-5 knots, or as recommended for the aircraft type and gust velocity.