Reference:
Learning Objective (Index)
- Learning Objective (Index)
- What
- How
- Pre-maneuver Checklist
- ABCDE Checklist
- Entry
- Recovery
- Characteristics
- Common Errors
- Common Errors with flaps
- ACS Standards
- Private ACS
- Commercial ACS
- Videos
What
Coming to land, pilots can have the mistake to make the flare too high and stall or to lose the positive control of the aircraft and stall the aircraft really close to the ground. Pilots must have the ability to recognize a stall and know how to recover to avoid a crash into the ground and also have the control of the airplane.
How
Pre-maneuver Checklist
ABCDE Checklist
A - Altitude Above 1500ft AGL
B - Best place to land
C - Clearing turns
Checklist
- Seat belts…adjust
- Fuel valve…on
- Circuit Breakers…all in
- Mixture…Rich
- Carb heat…Off
- Lights…BCN and LDN on
- Magnetos…Both
- Master…On
- Instruments…in green
D - Declare position and intentions to Practice Area
FRQ name, Who, Where, Altitude, doing What, FRQ name.
- WPA Traffic, C-14SK, 4NM south of Turning Tree, 6000ft, (Name of the maneuver), WPA.
E - Execute the maneuver
Entry
- Visually line up on a geographical fix in straight and level flight
- Carb heat ON
- Power to 1500 RPM and back pressure to keep altitude
- Bellow 85 knots, Flaps 10°, 20°, 30°
- At 65 knots lower the nose 5 to 6 fingers below the horizon
- Pitch for 60 knots
- Establish a descent (500 fpm) and wait 3 seconds
- Power idle and make back pressure and keep the nose above the horizon
- Wait for the stall and keep the nose straight with rudders (0 ailerons)
- When the stall happens…
Recovery
- Lower the nose to the horizon
- Carb heat off & Full power (at the same time)
- Flaps 20°
- Vx (54 knots)
- Positive rate & altimeter increasing
- Flaps 10°
- Vy (67 knots)
- Positive rate & altimeter increasing
- Flaps up
- Cruise checklist
- Pitch
- Power
- Trim
- Mixture
- Landing light off
- Instruments in green
Characteristics
- Nose high attitude
- Aileron controls are sluggish or poor
- Lots of yaw
- Stall horn (Approaching stall speed)
- Rudder to control yaw
Common Errors
- Adding power too slowly or too quickly
- Not maintaining pitch control (gain or lose altitude)
- Allowing the aircraft to yaw (uncoordinated)
- Not returning to altitude
- Not pitch and climb at Vx or Vy
Common Errors with flaps
- Lack of pitch control when adding flaps
- Aircraft allowed to yaw
- Flaps up immediately
- Not returning to original altitude
ACS Standards
Private ACS
Clear the area
Altitude: not lower than 1500 ft AGL (ASEL) 3000 ft AGL (AMEL)
Heading: +- 10° degrees
Angle of Bank: +- 10° degrees
Commercial ACS
Heading: +- 10°
Angle of bank: +- 10°