Reference:

Learning Objective (Index)

• Learning Objective (Index)
• Key Points
• What
• Why
• How
• Landing Distance Performance Chart POH
• Obstacle Clearance
• Short-field Runway
• Touchdown
• Common Errors
• ACS Standards
• Private ACS
• Commercial ACS

Key Points

• 4º Stabilized Approach
• Region Of Reverse Command
• Minimal Float / Max Effective Braking

What

• Short-field approaches and landings require the use of procedures for approaches and landings at fields with a relatively short landing area or where an approach is made over obstacles limiting the available landing area.

Why

• As in short-field takeoffs, a short field approach and landing is one of the most critical of the maximum performance operations. To land within a short-field, the pilot must have precise, positive control of the rate of descent and airspeed.

How

Landing Distance Performance Chart POH

• Calculate and know the landing distance with and without 50foot obstacle
• If the landing performance is not adequate, do not try to land

Obstacle Clearance

• Region of reverse command (Like slow flight)
• Slower approach speed
• if not specify in the POH is 1.3 Vso
• Coordinated Flight
• If the airport is equipped with PAPAIs or VASI will indicate a higher glide path
• Maintain a stabilized approach
• Wind Corrections
• Ground Track
• Flare judgement
• Not too high and stall
• Not too low and do a hard landing
• Reduce power and close the throttle as soon touch down
• Closing the throttle prematurely can cause a power off stall ending in a hard landing

Short-field Runway

• Approach as normal with a lower approach speed (if not specify, 1.3 Vso)

Touchdown

• As soon as the airplane touchdown

1. Flaps Up
1. To transfer the weight from the wings to the wheels and have an effective braking action
2. Back Pressure on the Yoke
1. To create an aerodynamic braking
3. Simulate Smooth Full Brakes

Common Errors

1. A final approach that necessitates an overly steep approach and high sink rate.
2. Unstable approach.
3. Undue delay in initiating glide path corrections.
4. Too low an airspeed on final resulting in inability to flare properly and landing hard.
5. Too high an airspeed resulting in floating on round out.
6. Prematurely reducing power to idle on round out resulting in hard landing.
7. Touchdown with excessive airspeed.
8. Excessive and/or unnecessary braking after touchdown.
9. Failure to maintain directional control.
10. Failure to recognize and abort a poor approach that cannot be completed safely.

ACS Standards

Private ACS

• Complete the appropriate checklist.
• Make radio calls as appropriate.
• Ensure the aircraft is aligned with the correct/assigned runway.
• Scan the landing runway and adjoining area for traffic and obstructions.
• Consider the wind conditions, landing surface, obstructions, and select a suitable touchdown point.
• Establish the recommended approach and landing configuration and airspeed, and adjust pitch attitude and power as required to maintain a stabilized approach.
• Maintain manufacturer’s recommended approach airspeed, or in its absence, not more than 1.3 VSO, +10/-5 knots, or as recommended for the aircraft type and gust velocity.
• Maintain crosswind correction and directional control throughout the approach and landing.
• Make smooth, timely, and correct control inputs during the round out and touchdown.
• Touch down at the recommended airspeed.
• Touch down within 200 feet beyond the specified point, threshold markings or runway numbers, with no side drift, minimum float, and with the airplane’s longitudinal axis aligned with and over runway centerline.
• Use manufacturer’s recommended procedures for aircraft configuration and braking.
• Execute a safe and timely go-around if the approach cannot be made within the tolerances specified above or for any other condition that may result in an unsafe approach or landing.
• Utilize runway incursion avoidance procedures.

Commercial ACS

• Maintain manufacturer’s recommended approach airspeed, or in its absence, not more than 1.3 VSO, +10/-5 knots, or as recommended for the aircraft type and gust velocity.